The bearing cover bolt, marked by code H 11151, is a high-strength fastener used to secure the bearing cover to the engine block in the ASL25 engine. It ensures that the bearing assembly remains tightly enclosed, maintaining the integrity of the lubrication system and preventing bearing movement under dynamic engine loads. Engineered for durability and precise torque application, this bolt is critical for withstanding the stresses of vibration and thermal expansion. Proper installation and maintenance of this bolt help ensure the continued reliability and performance of the engine.

The upper spring plate with code number K 27528 is a critical part of the exhaust valve assembly in the ZV40/48 engine. Positioned above the valve spring, it evenly distributes the spring load and holds the assembly in proper alignment during engine operation. This plate must endure high temperatures and dynamic mechanical forces, making its precision and material strength essential. By maintaining stable spring compression, it ensures reliable exhaust valve function, directly supporting combustion efficiency and exhaust management in demanding marine and industrial conditions.

The O-ring with code number K 28044 is a small but vital sealing component used in conjunction with flange K 28029 in the Sulzer ZV40/48 engine. It plays a critical role in preventing fluid or gas leaks by creating a tight, reliable seal between mating surfaces. Manufactured from durable, heat- and pressure-resistant materials, this O-ring ensures long-lasting performance even in the harsh conditions of marine and industrial engine environments. Proper maintenance and replacement of this component are essential for preserving engine integrity and avoiding costly system failures.

The shaft end piece with code K 31010 is a crucial termination component of the crankshaft assembly in the Sulzer ZV40/48 engine. It provides structural support and precise alignment for accessories or systems mounted at the end of the crankshaft, such as couplings or drive gears. This component must maintain exact tolerances to ensure smooth power transmission and to prevent imbalance or misalignment during rotation. Manufactured from high-strength materials to withstand torque and vibration, the shaft end piece is vital for maintaining crankshaft stability and overall engine reliability.

The pressure spring marked with code K 27705 is a vital element in the relief valve assembly of the ZV40/48 engine, functioning to regulate pressure within the system. Engineered to maintain consistent pressure thresholds, this spring ensures the relief valve opens and closes at precise pressure points, preventing potential overpressure scenarios and safeguarding vital engine components. Its robust design and high-tensile strength enable it to endure repeated stress cycles, making it indispensable for maintaining optimal engine performance and operational safety.

The indicator valve, identified by code K 27750, is a crucial diagnostic component within the Adriadiesel/Jugoturbina/Zgoda/Sulzer ZV40/48 diesel engine. Designed to provide direct access to the combustion chamber, this valve enables engineers to monitor internal pressure levels and assess engine performance accurately. It serves as a key tool in identifying potential issues such as pressure fluctuations, ensuring timely maintenance and optimal engine operation. Constructed from high-grade materials, the indicator valve withstands extreme temperatures and pressures, contributing to reliable engine diagnostics and operational safety.

The lower spring plate, marked by code number N55025, is a vital structural element in the suspension and damping system of the ASL25 engine. Serving as a support base for springs, this component effectively distributes the load and maintains proper alignment under varying mechanical stresses. Manufactured for robust performance, the lower spring plate absorbs shocks and reduces vibration, thereby protecting surrounding components and ensuring stable operation. Its precise fit and durable construction are essential for maintaining the integrity of the spring assembly throughout the engine's lifecycle.

The transition nipple, marked with code K 27755, is an essential connector for the indicator valve system in the ZV40/48 engine. Designed to facilitate secure and leak-proof connections, this nipple serves as a transitional link between different segments of the valve assembly. Its robust construction ensures stability and prevents pressure loss, enabling accurate pressure readings and efficient operation of the indicator valve. By maintaining a tight seal, it helps optimize engine diagnostics and performance monitoring, especially under fluctuating pressure conditions.

The auxiliary rocker arm, identified by code K 28016, is a critical component in the valve mechanism of the ZV40/48 diesel engine. This part plays a key role in ensuring the smooth transmission of mechanical force between the camshaft and the valve, effectively regulating the valve timing and maintaining optimal engine performance. Precision-engineered for durability and strength, the auxiliary rocker arm is designed to withstand significant mechanical stress and high operating temperatures, contributing to the reliable operation of the engine under demanding conditions.

The driving axle with code N73120 is a crucial power transmission component in the ASL25 engine, responsible for transferring torque from the engine to connected mechanical systems. Built to endure intense mechanical stresses, this axle is engineered for strength and precision, ensuring reliable rotational force delivery and stability during engine operation. Its design prioritizes durability and resistance to bending and torsional forces, making it essential for maintaining the engine’s operational efficiency and overall performance.

The regulation sleeve with code number N55046 serves as a key adjustment component in the ASL25 diesel engine. Designed to control the flow and alignment of specific engine parts, it ensures precise positioning and optimal mechanical performance. Constructed from wear-resistant materials, the sleeve is engineered to withstand friction and operational stress, maintaining consistent functionality even under demanding conditions. Proper maintenance and periodic inspection of the regulation sleeve are essential to prevent misalignment and maintain engine efficiency.

The spring marked with code number H 85713 is a vital mechanical component within the ASL25 diesel engine by Adriadiesel/Jugoturbina/Zgoda/Sulzer. Designed to absorb shocks and maintain tension in various mechanical assemblies, this spring plays a crucial role in ensuring the stability and smooth operation of engine components under varying load conditions. Manufactured from high-grade materials, it offers excellent elasticity and resistance to fatigue, thereby extending the lifespan of connected parts and contributing to overall engine reliability.

The reducer nipple, marked with code K 92055, is specifically engineered to connect the angle thermometer K 92050 in the ZV40/48 diesel engine. This adapter component is crucial for ensuring a secure and leak-proof fit between the thermometer and the surrounding piping, facilitating accurate temperature readings for cooling water, lubricating oil, and other engine fluids. Its robust construction is designed to withstand pressure variations and temperature fluctuations, providing dependable performance in demanding operational environments.

The air supply pipe, bearing code number K 81134, is a strategically designed conduit that facilitates the delivery of air to the exhaust bends K 81132 and K 81133 in the ZV40/48 diesel engine. This component ensures proper airflow regulation, promoting efficient exhaust gas recirculation and combustion. Crafted from high-quality materials to resist corrosion and thermal stress, the air supply pipe maintains optimal airflow under high-temperature conditions, contributing to better engine performance and reduced emissions. Its effective design aids in maintaining consistent pressure levels and operational stability throughout the engine’s exhaust system.

The guide sleeve, marked with code number K 81161, is a vital component in the mechanical assembly of the Adriadiesel/Jugoturbina/Zgoda/Sulzer ZV40/48 engine. This precision-engineered sleeve is designed to provide accurate guidance and alignment for the guide element, ensuring smooth and controlled movement of interconnected parts. Made from robust, wear-resistant materials, it maintains optimal clearance to minimize friction and mechanical stress during engine operation. Its reliable performance contributes to the overall stability and efficiency of the engine, making it indispensable in high-performance industrial applications.

From System Restart to Long-Term Resilience – Lessons and Solutions After April 28

Author: Dr. Nenad Končar, M.Sc.Eng.
Date: May 2, 2025

What We Know – And What We (Still) Don’t Know
Three days after the largest power grid collapse in the history of the Iberian Peninsula, the causes are still not officially confirmed. However, reactions have already started:

• Red Eléctrica claims it was not a cyberattack,
• BBC and Reuters report on technical instability and low grid inertia,
• pv magazine points out that renewable sources were not the cause, but the lack of flexibility contributed to the spread of the outage.

What Actually Happened?
In just a few seconds, 15 GW "disappeared" from the grid.
Consequences:

• More than 50 million people without electricity,
• Cities in lockdown, hospitals running on emergency diesel generators,
• Telecoms on the brink of collapse (Vodafone survived with 70% redundancy),
• Air and rail transport in chaos.

How Was Spain “Reignited”?
The power return process took 6 to 10 hours – some sources say even longer.
Experts from Euronews and DW explained that it involved a black-start procedure, a complex process without which the recovery would have taken days.
Where microgrids and battery backups operated – everything worked seamlessly.

Solution: Decentralized Resilience Through Batteries
All relevant sources, from Bloomberg analysts to Grid Engineering associations, agree on one thing:
Strong battery storage systems are key to future stability.

Why?

• They provide an immediate response to frequency changes,
• They deliver artificial inertia and voltage balance,
• They act as standalone power sources for microgrids and critical infrastructure,
• They enable black-start without waiting for external support.

What Does Adriadiesel Offer?
As one of the leading regional providers of battery storage systems, we offer:

• Containerized units (1.5 MWh) with smart inverters and climate control,
• Scalable solutions up to 600 units per region,
• Second-life batteries from electric vehicles – sustainable and cost-effective,
• Systems already prepared for grid-forming and islanding operation.

What’s Next?
Spain may eventually reveal the cause.
But Europe must answer how to prevent consequences next time.
The key question is no longer what went wrong but what was not ready.

Contact
Adriadiesel collaborates with utilities, cities, and private operators:

• for resilience planning,
• for urgent battery system implementation,
• and for the transition to a 21st-century smart grid.
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The energy of the future is not just green – it must be resilient.
Time for smart systems before another blackout strikes.

The thermometer labeled with code K 92023 plays a crucial role in monitoring engine health by measuring the temperature of both cooling water and lubricating oil in the ZV40/48 diesel engine. Accurate temperature readings are essential for preventing overheating, oil degradation, and mechanical stress. Designed for durability and precision, this thermometer provides real-time feedback to operators and maintenance crews, enabling early detection of abnormal conditions. Its robust construction ensures reliability even in the harsh thermal environment of marine and industrial engine applications.

Why mitigation is no longer enough – it's time for systemic resilience

Author: Dr. Nenad Končar, M.Sc.Eng.
Date: May 2, 2025

Spain and Portugal seek the cause – but society seeks a solution
After nearly 60 million people were left without electricity in the historic blackout of April 28, 2025, Spanish Prime Minister Pedro Sánchez stated that the two main priorities are:

1. System restoration, and
2. Identifying the cause.
   However, global media reports highlight that this blackout was not just a technical anomaly – it was a stress test of society.

Beyond technical error: Societal vulnerability in a power outage
In just a few hours, there were:

• hospital and emergency service shutdowns without backup systems,
• mobile and internet backbone failures,
• chaos in traffic, retail, and public transportation,
• and worst of all – total collapse of information.
  This was not just infrastructure failure – it was a breakdown of public trust in the state’s ability to provide basic functions.

Mitigation helps – but it’s not enough
Emergency response, backup generators, and aid from France and Morocco helped to soften the blow. But the question remains:
Why didn’t key nodes have their own resilience sources?
Why doesn’t every hospital, airport, data center, and civil protection HQ have a microgrid with battery backup + emergency diesel generator?

Solutions exist – but haven’t been implemented
Adriadiesel already offers systems that:

• use second-life batteries from EVs,
• deliver power in milliseconds during outages,
• provide independent operation for hours or days,
• automatically activate and balance frequency and voltage.
  These systems are already used in airports, city hubs, and telecom centers – but they must become the norm, not the exception.

Political will must match technical availability
While governments focus on the cause, the industry must shift focus to resilience.
Power outages are not a question of if, but when – and every city and institution must have:

• a backup solution,
• a microgrid,
• a clear islanding protocol.

Contact
Adriadiesel works with:

• municipalities and counties,
• grid operators,
• critical infrastructure (healthcare, transport, IT).
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Together, we can ensure that the next blackout is not a collapse – but just another challenge already solved.

Is €1.6 billion enough to prevent a grid collapse?

How much did the Iberian blackout really cost – and what could have been done with that money?
Author: Dr. Nenad Končar, MSc EE
Date: May 2, 2025

€1.6 billion – the cost of inaction
In April 2025, the Iberian Peninsula experienced a historic power grid collapse. Millions in Spain and Portugal were left without electricity.
According to Spain’s leading business association (CEOE), the damages amounted to at least €1.6 billion – in Spain alone.
Other sources, like RBC Capital, estimate the cost at €2.25 to €4.5 billion, making this the most expensive energy incident in European history.
But the key question is: Could it have been avoided?
And if yes – what could €1.6 billion have achieved?

What could have been done with €1.6 billion?
Grid collapses are rare – but not random. They usually result from:

• Frequency imbalance,
• Technical limits of renewables in grid support,
• Lack of inertia and reactive power,
• Absence of local reserves at the right time and place.

With €1.6 billion, we could have built:

Total cost: ~€1.5 billion – less than a single collapse.

Not just protection – but a return on investment
Battery systems don’t just protect – they:

• Participate in frequency containment reserves (FCR),
• Reduce solar and wind curtailment,
• Enable peak shaving and price arbitrage,
• Provide black-start capabilities,
• Lower reliance on gas backup.
  ROI: 4–7 years, depending on market conditions.

How did we get here? A gap in EU grid strategy
The EU plans to invest €584 billion in grid upgrades by 2030 (European Commission).

Yet the Iberian incident shows:

• Software alone isn’t enough,
• Interconnection can’t solve local instability,
• Renewables need fast, local battery support to be reliable.

Spain and Portugal are energy leaders – but even the most advanced grids are vulnerable without proper battery deployment.

Adriadiesel’s solution: Modular, fast, scalable
Adriadiesel is developing containerized battery systems using second-life EV batteries:

• 1.5 MWh per container, scalable from local to national level,
• Built-in frequency and voltage support,
• Compatible with solar, wind, and grid systems,
• Managed by advanced EMS for safety and degradation tracking.

These systems could have mitigated or entirely prevented the Iberian collapse – and they are available today.

Conclusion: Pay now – or pay more later
€1.6 billion can either be written off as a loss, or invested to ensure it never happens again.
The technology exists.
The economics work.
All that’s missing is a strategy shift – from reactive to resilient.

Contact us.
If you're a grid operator, utility, regulator, or investor – Adriadiesel is ready to partner.
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