The Capgemini Institute's report, "Automotive Sustainability: From Ambition to Action," analyzes the current maturity of sustainability initiatives across the industry. Total greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions have decreased by only 5% since 2018 and are expected to decrease by a further 19% by 2030. At this rate, the industry is unlikely to meet its overall goal of net emissions. Zero emissions by 2050. Only 41 percent of executives surveyed said their organization had a dedicated sustainability program for battery end-of-life; for secondary batteries, that dropped to 28 percent. Customers are reluctant to switch to electric vehicles due to range anxiety, charging costs, ease of use of spare parts for internal combustion engine (ICE) vehicles, and more attractive repair options. Poor integration of key sustainability performance indicators and performance management has stalled the implementation of these initiatives.